Laboratory
TEL：86+755-89233348
TEL：86+755-36602138
FAX：86+755-28287097
Mobile: 13530730021
service@toyoutesting.com
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), also known as poly-aromatic hydrocarbons or polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, are potent atmospheric pollutants that consist of fused aromatic rings and do not contain heteroatoms or carry substituents. Naphthalene is the simplest example of a PAH. PAHs occur in oil, coal, and tar deposits, and are produced as byproducts of fuel burning (whether fossil fuel or biomass). As a pollutant, they are of concern because some compounds have been identified as carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic. PAHs are also found in cooked foods. Studies have shown that high levels of PAHs are found, for example, in meat cooked at high temperatures such as grilling or barbecuing, and in smoked fish. They are also found in the interstellar medium, in comets, and in meteorites and are a candidate molecule to act as a basis for the earliest forms of life.
Europe began restricting polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in 2005 with directive 2005/69/EC, which was later incorporated into Annex 17 of REACH. The GS certification of Germany restricted 18 PAHS, testing method is ZEK 01.4-08.
| No. | Name | CAS |
| 1 | Naphthalene (NAP)* | 91-20-3 |
| 2 | Acenaphthylene (ANY) | 208-96-8 |
| 3 | Acenaphthene (ANA) | 83-32-9 |
| 4 | Fluorene (FLU) | 86-73-7 |
| 5 | Phenanthrene (PHE) | 31055 |
| 6 | Anthracene (ANT) | 120-12-7 |
| 7 | Fluoranthene (FLT) | 206-44-0 |
| 8 | Pyrene (PYR) | 129-00-0 |
| 9 | Benz(a)anthracene (BaA) | 56-55-3 |
| 10 | Chrysene (CHR) | 218-01-9 |
| 11 | Benzo(b)fluoranthene (BbF) | 205-99-2 |
| 12 | Benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF) | 207-08-9 |
| 13 | Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) | 50-32-8 |
| 14 | Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene (IPY) | 193-39-5 |
| 15 | Dibenz(a,h)anthracene (DBA) | 53-70-3 |
| 16 | Benzo(g,h,i)perylene (BPE) | 191-24-2 |
| 17 | benzo[j]fluoranthene | 205-82-3 |
| 18 | benzo[e]pyrene | 192-97-2 |
Table 2: Limits for PAH content for material of (grip) surfaces, which are to be categorized based on the results of the risk analysis.
| Parameter | Category 1 | Category 2 | Category 3 |
| Materials indented to be put in the mouth, or materials of toys for children aged < 36 months with intended skin contact | Materials not covered by category 1, with foreseeable skin contact for longer than 30 seconds (long-term skin contact) |
Materials not covered by category 1 or 2 with foreseeable skin contact up to 30 seconds (short term skin contact) |
|
|
Benzo[a]pyrene mg/kg |
Not detectable (< 0.2) | 1 | 20 |
|
Sum 18 PAH mg/kg |
Not detectable(< 0.2) | 10 | 200 |
